Improved oxygen delivery in a continuous-roller-bottle reactor

Variations to the original aeration system in a continuous roller bottle reactor of novel design have been tested and compared for optimal oxygen (O) delivery. Reactor operating parameters that affect O transfer are rotation rate, liquid-volume level, fresh-feed rate, and supplementary-aeration rate. Design modifications to enhance gas-liquid O transfer include the addition of wall baffles and center baffles. The number and location of each of these baffles are compared for their effect on k_La values in the reaction chamber. The liquid feed into the system has been modified to improve the axial liquid mixing and O transfer.     

The optimization of silica gel synthesis from chemical bottle waste using response surface methodology

To reduce the amount of hazardous chemical bottle waste in the environment, we report the optimization research of silica extraction in chemical bottle waste into silica gel. Alkali fusion and sol–gel process were utilised to prepare silica gel effectively. The alkali fusion process was carried out by adding sodium hydroxide to produce sodium silicate. Afterwards, silica gel was prepared by the sol–gel method using hydrochloric acid. Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was applied to Optimisation factors the poptimiseactors affecting the silica recovery. The factors that optimised mass ratio, particle size, and temperature. The optimum recovery of silica gel was obtained by SiO₂: NaOH mass ratio of 1:3, the particle size of 63–74 µm, and a temperature of 800 °C. The purity of silica gel optimum is 63.74% characterised using X-ray fluorescence. The structure of silica gel is the appearance of amorphous peaks at 2θ 20-30° characterised using an x-ray diffractogram. The silica gel surface was characterises using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray. It showed an irregular surface and characteristic showed that silica gel had a radius of 15.74 nm and a specific surface area of 297.08 m².     

“蓝瓶子”实验再探究*

利用SPSS 25.0统计软件对“蓝瓶子”实验进行正交实验设计,通过统计学分析得出最佳实验条件。利用氧化还原传感器(ORP)对“蓝瓶子”振荡体系的电极电势变化曲线进行分析,并针对蓝色的产生和消失过程设计3组对比实验深入探究,阐明其反应原理,意在引导学生深刻理解趣味实验现象背后的微观反应本质。     

Preparation and characterization of heat-resistant PET/bio-based polyester blends for hot-filled bottles

To improve the glass transition temperature (T_g) and heat resistance of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle, poly (ethylene glycol 1,4-cyclohexane dimethylene isosorbide terephthalate) (PEICT) with a unique cyclic structure was introduced into PET. The miscibility of the PET/PEICT blends and their feasibility as a heat resistant bottle were investigated. The introduction of PEICT into PET increases the T_g and the PET/PEICT blends exhibit a single T_g, indicating good miscibility between PEICT and PET. Furthermore, the T_g and crystallinity of the PET/PEICT blends can be adjusted by controlling the amount of PEICT added. The PET/PEICT blends were transparent in the visible light range (no significant change in transparency) because the blends were truly miscible as confirmed by Fox equation. As expected, the introduction of PEICT into PET bottle allows for improved heat resistance and shape stability due to the rigid molecular structure and chirality of the two tetrahydrofuran rings in the isosorbide group of PEICT. Based on our results, the as-prepared PET/PEICT blends with controllable high heat resistance can be used as a cost-effective alternative material for various hot-filling conditions in the beverage industry by adjusting the optimal ratio of PEICT to PET for each product (e.g. fruit juice, tea).     

瓶罐玻璃行业企业绩效评价

笔者依据所能获得的资料———《瓶罐玻璃行业企业经济信息汇编》[6],建立了一套经济实用的瓶罐玻璃行业企业绩效评价指标体系;提供了一种科学评价方法和计算机化的评价技术;能适时地对该行业内各企业绩效进行评价和比较分析;及时获得各企业在全行业内竞争位次;及时发现影响企业绩效的主要因素;为高层管理者制定和调整企业管理决策提供了参考依据。     

液体轴棱锥产生尺寸可调的单个局域空心光束

提出产生尺寸可调单个局域空心光束(bottle beam)的一种液体轴棱锥新模型.从几何光学角度分析了液体轴棱锥产生局域空心光束的原理,同时利用衍射理论加以模拟验证.得出:注入液体折射率大于轴棱锥材料折射率时可产生单个局域空心光束.通过光学设计软件TraeePro建立液体轴棱锥模型并模拟其光束传输变换特性.计算和模拟不...     

气相色谱-质谱法测定聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯瓶装水中乙醛的迁移量

提出了测定聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEGTP)瓶装纯水中乙醛迁移量的气相色谱质谱法。水样(100mL)中乙醛用2,4-二硝基苯肼在pH 3柠檬酸盐缓冲溶液10mL中,于40℃水浴上振荡1h加热使之衍生化。冷却后用二氯甲烷萃取3次,每次10mL。萃取液于40℃旋转蒸发至1.0mL,分取1分L进样分析。采用DB-5MS毛细管柱及在70℃～280℃范围内程序升温进行分离。线性范围在300μg·L~(-1)以内,检出限(3S/N)为1μg·L~(-1),加入50μg·L~(-1)及100μg·L~(-1)标准溶液做回收试验及精密度试验,测得平均回收率为88%,相对标准偏差(n=5)依次为5.4%及4.5%。     

A novel foam based separation strategy for extracting minute target impurities

The purpose of this study was to extract impurities from compounds using a simple separatory bottle to purify target compounds with a foam column and allow for the further characterization of impurities. Charged dyes were used as target compounds due to the ease of detection of dyes and isolated impurities. Foaming agents were used in a glass bottle with a modified cap to separate a target impurity using an appropriately charged ligand. By passing N₂ gas through the solution, the surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate and cetylpyridinium chloride generated foams that separated the dyes, Methylene blue and Orange G, respectively, from a solution containing both dyes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate condensed Methylene blue from the solution with high purity while cetylpyridinium chloride condensed Orange G with less purity. A range of concentrations (0.01–0.5 mmol/L) of dyes were used for separation. The condensability (volume and/or concentration) of the target compound increased as its concentration decreased. This novel separation method is a simple, rapid, inexpensive, and effective way to prepare samples and allows for the characterization of these impurities using sensitive analytical detection techniques.